Analyzing SPIF Product Characteristics Using Full Factorial Design-Integrated PCA Approach

The process of single-point incremental forming (SPIF) is a relatively new technology that primarily used in the production prototypes and small quantities products. However, has several limitations with respect to quality characteristics its This study examined effects four parameters—namely, tool diameter, feed rate, step size, sheet thickness—on final product. A total 15 product responses were measured and/or calculated during experiments. fell under three different categories; surface profile accuracy, strain/stress/thinning, forces. In previous published work, studied separately for each category. aim this paper was determine relationships between using principal component analysis (PCA). PCA well-known multivariate technique reduce dimensionality data. As result PCA, product’s characteristic dimensions reduced from while 71% variance data preserved. results showed only 8 enough characterize product, rather than 15. relationship detected side wall accuracy forces strain, circularity, roughness. These findings could not be single-variable analyses.